Ethyl Acetate

Overview

Ethyl Acetate (CAS No: 141-78-6), also known as ethyl ethanoate, is a colorless organic ester with a fruity odor. It is formed by the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol. Widely used as an industrial solvent, it is preferred in food and pharmaceutical industries due to its low toxicity.

With a pleasant, fruity smell, ethyl acetate effectively dissolves many organic compounds. It has limited miscibility with water but mixes well with alcohols, ethers, and other organic solvents. It is industrially produced via the Fischer esterification reaction and is typically available commercially at ≥99.5% purity.

Applications

Ethyl acetate has a wide range of industrial, food, and pharmaceutical applications:

Technical Specifications

Safety Information

Hazard Symbols and Statements

Highly Flammable Eye and Skin Irritation Respiratory Irritation

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene)
• Chemical safety goggles or face shield
• Appropriate respiratory protection (if vapor concentration is high)
• Chemical-resistant apron or work clothing
• Closed-toe shoes or boots

Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, well-ventilated area
• Keep away from oxidizers and strong acids/bases
• Store in metal (stainless steel), glass, or suitable plastic containers
• Display “Flammable Liquid” signs in storage areas
• Storage temperature: 15-25°C (protect from extreme heat)

Firefighting Measures

• Suitable extinguishers: Dry chemical, CO₂, alcohol-resistant foam
• Water mist may be used, but avoid water jets
• Intervene by trained personnel with appropriate protective equipment
• For large fires, evacuate the area and call firefighters

Handling and Storage

Handling

• Ensure containers are tightly closed during transport
• Label as flammable liquid
• Use stainless steel tankers for bulk transport
• Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during handling
• Ground equipment to prevent static electricity buildup

Storage

• Store in stainless steel, glass, or suitable plastic (HDPE, PTFE) containers
• Use explosion-proof electrical systems in storage areas
• Equip storage tanks with ventilation systems
• Keep fire extinguishing equipment in storage areas
• Prohibit smoking in storage areas

Spill Response Measures

• Remove all ignition sources
• Use appropriate respiratory protection and chemical-resistant clothing
• Absorb small spills with absorbent materials (sand, vermiculite)
• Seek professional cleanup assistance for large spills
• Rinse the spill area with plenty of water

Regulatory Information

GHS Classification

• Flammable Liquid Category 2
• Serious Eye Irritation Category 2
• Specific Target Organ Toxicity (Single Exposure) Category 3

Key Regulations

• REACH: Registered
• CLP: Compliant
• FDA: Approved as a food additive (21 CFR 172.515)
• EFSA: Approved as food additive E1504
• NFPA 704: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0

International Regulations

• European Union: Subject to Directive 2008/58/EC
• USA: Listed on EPA TSCA inventory
• China: Listed on IECSC
• Japan: Listed on ISHL

Environmental Information

Environmental Impact

Ethyl acetate rapidly degrades in the atmosphere through photochemical reactions. If released into water sources, it exhibits moderate aquatic toxicity. Contamination of groundwater should be prevented. It is a biodegradable compound.

Biodegradation

• Air: Photochemical reactions with a 3-5 day half-life
• Water: Degrades via microbial activity within 1-10 days
• Soil: Rapid degradation through microbial activity

Waste Management

• Classified as hazardous waste
• Must be incinerated at licensed hazardous waste disposal facilities
• Small quantities should be collected in appropriate solvent waste containers
• Dispose of in accordance with local regulations
• Disposal into sewers is prohibited

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is ethyl acetate a widely used solvent?

Ethyl acetate is preferred due to its low toxicity, pleasant odor, effective solvent properties, and relatively low cost. Its fast evaporation rate provides an advantage in many industrial applications.

Is ethyl acetate safe for use in food?

Yes, it is approved by the FDA and EFSA as a food additive (E1504) and considered safe within specified limits. It is commonly used in fruit flavors and confectionery.

Which materials are compatible with ethyl acetate?

Ethyl acetate is compatible with stainless steel, glass, polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, and PTFE. It may adversely affect PVC, rubber, and some plastics.

How should ethyl acetate be stored?

It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area, in original or suitable material containers, away from flames and sparks. Protect from direct sunlight.

What should I do if ethyl acetate comes into contact with skin?

Wash immediately with plenty of soap and water. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. In case of eye contact, rinse with water for at least 15 minutes and consult an eye doctor.